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Burgos - History |
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Founded
in 884 as an eastern outpost of the Asturian kingdom, it became the
capital of the county and later of the kingdom of Castile. The royal residence was moved (1087) to Toledo, and Burgos lost some of its cultural importance. But its historical heritage is always evident to the visitor. In
1494 all foreign trade of Castile, particularly in fine wool, was put
under the jurisdiction of the Burgos Guild. Burgos enjoyed the prestige of
a capital city until the reign of Philip II (1556–98); then it sank
to
With
the decline of Castilian trade, Burgos languished until its revival in the
18th century under Charles III. In the Peninsular War the French, in 1808,
defeated the Spaniards at Burgos. The British besieged the French in the
city in 1812 and eventually captured it in 1813. In
July 1936 conservative Burgos became the official seat of General
Francisco Franco's Nationalist government during the Spanish Civil War and
was a base for campaigns toward Madrid and the Basque states. Today it is an important trade and tourist centre with some manufacturing. |
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Burgos
city is the capital of Burgos province, in the Castile-León autonomous
community, northern Spain. It is located on the lower slopes of a
castle-crowned hill overlooking the Arlanzón River, about 2,600 feet (800
m) above sea level. 
political
insignificance after 1560, when Madrid (150 miles [241 km] south) was
declared the única corte (“only court”). 
