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Pleven - History |
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Notably
popular and permanently stored in the memory of the Nation are the
military operations in the suburbs of Pleven in 1877, known as the Pleven
Epopee. This was the place where a great number of military forces were
concentrated - artillery, cavalry, land forces, military engineers and
doctors as well as other divisions and services, all involved in large and
very important hostilities. The allied Russian-Rumanian army reached the
number of 130 thousand people and that of the Turkish army - 67 thousand
people. The
military operations in the suburbs of Pleven were held into two stages.
The first (July 19 - September 12, 1877) was determined by the efforts of
the Russian army to seize the town striking a front blow on and directly
attacking the Turkish positions. The second stage (September 13 - December
10, 1877) in which the Russian army was under the leadership or the
military engineer- general Totleben, marked the beginning of the siege of
Pleven and the total blockade of Osman Pasha army within the town of
Pleven. These operations resulted in the absolute defeat and the
unconditional surrender of the Turkish army.
The
significance of the military events around Pleven town defined the great
interest raised by the public and the close watch kept on them on behalf
of politicians, diplomats and statesmen. They were a subject of tremendous
comments in the World press, where extensive reports and detailed
information about them were published provided by more than 70
correspondents attached to the Headquarters of the Russian army from all
over the World.
In
token of gratitude towards the victims of the war and those more than 30
thousand killed and injured soldiers of the Russian army and 45 hundred
soldiers of the Rumanian army who sacrificed their lives for the
liberation of Pleven, the grateful people built over 140 monuments,
museums and mausoleums in the centre and the vicinity of Pleven. The most
attractive one is the "Pleven Epopee 1877" Panorama.
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The
Russian-Turkish war is one of the most significant events in the recent
history of Bulgaria. It is a consequence of the centuries-old struggle of
the Bulgarian people for national liberation and is provoked by the bloody
suppression of the April uprising in 1876, which marked the climax of the
Bulgarian revolution for national liberation. 
The
battle victory in Pleven and the capture of Osman Pasha army appeared to
be of crucial importance for the further successful outcome of the war.
Fifty days after, the Russian army reached the suburb walls of Tzarigrad
and the Ottoman Empire was compelled to suspend the military operations
and to sign the Peace Treaty in San Stefano on the 3d of March 1878
proclaiming the restoration of the Bulgarian sovereignty after a
five-century period of Turkish domination. 
