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The
History of
Azerbaijan was determined by its geographical position. Located on the very
crossroads of Eastern and Western civilizations, it suffered the influence
of both of them. As part of the greatest empires in the history Azerbaijan
was the site of the most decisive events and had seen many mighty
conquerors including Haroun al-Raschid, Genghis Khan, Pompey and Alexander
the Great
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VIII millennium
BC
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First
settlements are founded on the Absheron Peninsula.
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VI c. BC
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"Ateshi-Baguan",
the temple of fire worshippers on the Absheron Peninsula, is
constructed.
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VI c. BC
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"Giz
Galasi" [the Maiden Tower] is constructed.
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Early V c. BC
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Huns invade
Azerbaijan.
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Mid VII c. and
late VIII c. BC
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Khazars rule in
Azerbaijan
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Early VIII c.
BC
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Islam becomes
the dominant religion in Azerbaijan
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60s of the IX
c.
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Shirvan regains
its independence.
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1027-1037
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The rule of
Manuchohr Shirvanshah.
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1078
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The mosque of
Mohammed ["Sinig-gala"], the most ancient architectural
memorial, is constructed.
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70-80s XI c.
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Annexation of
Azerbaijan by Saljugs
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1220-1222
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The first march
of Mongols to Azerbaijan.
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1231-1239
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The second
march of Mongols to Azerbaijan
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1258
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The third march
of Mongols headed by Hulaku Khan, occupation of Shirvan and Baku
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1382-1417
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The rule of
Ibrahim Shirvanshah I
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1417-1465
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The rule of
Khalilullah Shirvanshah I
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XIV-XV c
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Construction of
the Shirvanshahs' Palace in Baku.
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1465-1500
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The rule of
Farrukh Yasar Shirvanshah.
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1501
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The rule of
Bahram-bey Shirvanshah.
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1501-1502
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The rule of
Sultan Mohammed Gazi Shirvanshah.
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1502-1524
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The rule of
Sheikh Ibrahim Shirvanshah II.
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1524-1535
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The rule of
Khalilullah Shirvanshah II.
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1538
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Annexation of
Shirvan by Safavids.
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1683
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The visit of
the Swedish Ambassador to Baku. E. Kempfer's paintings of Baku.
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 1722-1723
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The Caspian
march of Peter I. Occupation of the western and south-eastern coast of
the Caspian Sea
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1723, July 10
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The Russian
squadron occupies Baku.
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40s XVIII c.
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Independent and
semi-independent khanates in Azerbaijan are founded.
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1804-1813
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The
Russian-Persian War.
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1806, October 3
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Abolition of
the Baku khanate.
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1826-1828
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The
Russian-Persian War.
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1828-1829
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The
Russian-Turkish War.
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1840, July 10
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The Russian
Duma approves “Principles of ruling of the Transcaucasian region”
and the Baku uyezd is included as an administrative region of Russia.
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1848
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The world’s
first oil well is drilled in Baku [in Bibi-Heybat].
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1859, December
2
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Shemakhi
province is renamed into Baku province. Baku becomes a provincial city.
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1859
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The first oil
refinery is constructed in Baku [in Surakhani].
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1859
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The first city
garden is laid.
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1861
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The first
photos of Baku taken by A.Ulsky, captain-lieutenant of the Russian
Fleet.
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1863
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The world’s
first kerosene plant is constructed.
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1868, February
6
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Telegraph
communications begins between Baku and Tbilisi.
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1872
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The fanning
system for "Oil Lands" in Russia is abolished.
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1873
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The national
theater of Azerbaijan is founded.
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1874
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The Modern
school is opened in Baku.
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1874
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The oil school
is established in Baku.
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1878
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The city's
public administration in Baku is founded.
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1879
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The Nobel
brothers establish their oil-production company.
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1883, May
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Completion of
the construction of the Baku - Tbilisi Transcaucasian Railway.
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1885
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Foundation of
the Rotshild oil-industry and commercial company in the Caspian-Black
Sea region.
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1892
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The first
public transport - horse-driven tramway in Baku.
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1894, August
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N. Narimanov
establishes the first library and reading room in Azerbaijan.
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1894
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The first water
distiller in Baku is put into operation.
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1896
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H.-Z. Tagiyev
establishes the first women's college in the East.
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1896
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The commercial
college is founded in Baku.
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1897-1901
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The textile
factory of H.Z. Tagiyev is constructed in Baku.
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1897-1907
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The Baku-Batumi
oil pipeline is put into service.
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1898
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The
"Russian Oil"company begins its activity in Baku.
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1898
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A civil
engineer Von der Nonne develops the first professional plan for the
growth of Baku.
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1905, March
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"Nijat"["Rescue"]
education association is founded.
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1906, August
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The First
Congress of Teachers of Azerbaijan.
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1906, October
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"Union of
the Workers of Oil Industry" is established in Baku.
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1908, October
12
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The Orient’s
first opera - "Leyli and Majnun" by U. Hajibeyov is staged.
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1911
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The "Musavat"
political party is established.
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1911
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The first
branch of the Baku water-supply system is constructed.
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1911
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The first
cement producing plant is constructed in Baku.
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1912, January
20
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The Russian
Duma approves the law "On the cease of the temporary-obligatory and
dependent relations of peasants to the landlords in the Transcaucasus
[including Baku province] by the way of redemption of their lands into
their property under the assistance of the government".
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1916
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The first
feature film "In the kingdom of oil and millions" is shot.
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1917, February
27
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Victory of the
February Bourgeois Democratic Revolution in Russia, overthrow of the
Russian Autocracy.
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1917, March 6
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The Baku Soviet
of Laborers’ Deputies is established.
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1918, February
23
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Foundation of
the Transcaucasian Diet.
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1918, March
18-25
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Anti-Azerbaijan
massacres in Baku and other cities of Azerbaijan by the Armenian
nationalists.
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1918 - April 25
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The Baku Soviet
of People’s Commissars is established.
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1918 - May 26
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Dissolution of
the Transcaucasian Diet.
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1918 - June 2
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Decree of the
Baku Soviet of People's Commissars on the nationalization of the oil
industry.
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1918 - July 31
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Overthrow of
the Soviet power in Baku.
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1918 - August 1
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Arrival of the
contingent of British Troops in Baku.
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1918 - August
12
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Order of V.
Lenin on immediate sending of the Russian troops to Baku.
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1918 -
September 15-November
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Arrival of the
regular Turkish troops in Baku.
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1919 - August
25
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Departure of
the British Army from Baku.
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1920 - April 27
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Establishment
of the Temporary Revolutionary Committee of Azerbaijan, arrival of the
Red Army in Baku.
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1920 - April 28
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Establishment
of the Soviet power in Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan becomes "Azerbaijan
Soviet Socialist Republic".
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